Every Christian understands that there are certain fundamentals of the Christian faith, and that ‘giving’ is one of them. And while we have all heard lots of sermons about the need to give, and give generously, very few of us have heard any teaching on an important aspect of biblical giving – “To whom should we give?” And, “How should we give it?”
Granted, most of the teachings we have heard on giving have come from pastors who have a vested interest in being on the receiving end of the gift, so that the answer to the question of to whom we should give is often presumed. The presumption is that we should give to the local church. But, is that scriptural?
That’s a question that very few Christians have ever asked, and one which has a tremendous potential impact, both on the giver as well as the recipient. Let’s do a deep dive into scripture to gain some clarity.
Guidance from Scripture
When we think of biblical giving, one of the favorite verses to quote is Malachi 3:10. This oft-quoted passage really speaks to the giver’s heart and the amount of the gift, but that isn’t the question here. We are not, in this post, considering those issues. Instead, we are focusing on the ‘giftee.’ “To whom, or to what, should we be giving?” And, “How should we give it?”
There are several passages in the New Testament that shed light on that.
I Corinthians 9:1-14 speaks to the issue. In this passage, Paul asserts that he and Barnabus, being itinerant apostles/evangelists, have a right to be supported by the folks they disciple. They just chose not to exercise that right. So, clearly, we have the apostles teaching that it is appropriate for Christians to support the itinerant evangelists who disciple them.
II Corinthians 8 & 9. In this passage, Paul encourages the Corinthians to give more. It includes the other most often quoted passages on giving, verses 7 & 8:
“Each of you should give what you have decided in your heart to give, not reluctantly or under compulsion, for God loves a cheerful giver. And God is able to bless you abundantly, so that in all things at all times, having all that you need, you will abound in every good work.”
The only problem is that the verse really doesn’t speak to the question – give to whom? But, the next verse does, as Paul quotes Psalm 112:9:
”They have freely scattered their gifts to the poor; their righteousness endures forever.”
Who should be the recipient of the gift? The poor. Earlier in these two chapters, Paul refers several times to the recipient of the gift in ways that clearly indicate it will be given to Christians who are suffering and are in need.
I Timothy 5:17 – 18 teaches that the elders within the local church can also be supported. Elders, as I’m sure you know, are always plural, were raised up within the local group of people, and meet the qualifications listed in I Timothy 3 and Titus 1. Most pastors are not Biblical elders.
Galatians 6:6-7 continues to expand on that theme, indicating that we should share “all good things” with the people who teach and disciple us.
Romans 15:25-28 introduces an additional ‘approved’ focus for gifts. In this passage, Paul describes the gift to the poor Jewish Christians that some other Christians had made. While this passage is descriptive, not prescriptive, it’s not a big leap to see that giving to other poor Christians is encouraged.
James 1:27 expands on this theme:
“Religion that God our Father accepts as pure and faultless is this: to look after orphans and widows in their distress and to keep oneself from being polluted by the
world.”
While “look after” implies a greater relationship than just money, certainly giving and supporting orphans and widows is implicit in the phrase.
There is one passage that speaks specifically to the question of who should be the recipient of biblical giving. I Corinthians 16:1 & 2.
“Now about the collection for God’s people: Do what I told the Galatian churches to do. On the first day of every week, each one of you should set aside a sum of money in keeping with his income, saving it up, so that when I come no collections will have to be made. Then, when I arrive, I will give letters of introduction to the men you approve and send them with your gift to
Jerusalem.”
So, the one clear, unambiguous teaching in the New Testament about giving says exactly the opposite of “you are required to give your tithes to the church.” It says that you shouldn’t give it to the church, you should save it every week, and then make one gift of the saved-up money when the opportunity is right. The ‘giftee’ in this case is the suffering Christians in Jerusalem.