The brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis) is a fascinating bird with several interesting features and behaviors. Here are some interesting facts about the brown pelican.
Brown pelicans are found in the Americas, along the Atlantic
and Pacific coasts, and from the southern United States down to South America.
They are easily identified by their long bill, large throat pouch, and distinctive brown coloring. Adult birds develop a dark brown or chestnut-colored nape during the breeding season. Males have white heads and sport a yellow crown during breeding season.
One of the most distinctive features of brown pelicans is their large throat pouch. They use this pouch to catch fish by diving into the water, scooping up fish, and draining the water out before swallowing their prey.
Unlike many other pelican species, the brown pelican is
known for its spectacular plunge-diving technique. They dive from the air, tucking their wings back and plunging headfirst into the water to catch fish.
Brown pelicans primarily feed on fish, favoring small schooling species. They often feed in groups and use cooperative hunting strategies to catch fish.
Brown pelicans typically breed in large colonies on islands, coastal mangroves, or secluded coastal areas. They build their nests on the ground using sticks, leaves, and other materials.
The brown pelican faced severe population declines in the mid-20th century due to the effects of the pesticide DDT. Brown pelican
populations rebounded and were subsequently removed from the U.S. After DDT was banned and conservation efforts were implemented, Endangered Species List in 2009.
Brown pelicans are known for their soaring flight. They often glide low over the water, using thermal currents to aid their travel. They are capable of covering long distances during migration.
Brown pelicans are social birds and often roost and fly in groups. They are also known for their communal feeding habits.
Brown pelicans have an average lifespan of around 10 to 25 years in the wild. Threats to their longevity include human disturbances, pollution, and changes in fish
availability.
These are just a few interesting aspects of the brown pelican's biology and behavior. Observing these birds in their natural habitat can provide further insights into their captivating lives. We see brown pelicans daily here on the Manatee River. Come along with us and we can see them together aboard the River Skipper II.