Issue #101 - Sunday, March 23, 2014

Dear Fellow Grower,

In today's issue...

• Learn 5 tactics and tips you can use to increase your yields when growing indoors (for any strain)!
  
  
• Learn about 3 popular high-yielding cannabis strains that also offer award-winning potency and quality.
  
  
• This week's Trophy Pic features an incredible "Trainwreck" pic from a first time grower...
  

Happy Growing!
Nebula Haze & Sirius Fourside (founders of GrowWeedEasy.com)

"There is no better than adversity. Every defeat, every heartbreak, every loss, contains its own seed, its own lesson on how to improve your performance the next time."

~Malcolm X

Almost all indoor cannabis growers want bigger yields for less money, time and effort. On the GrowWeedEasy.com website, we've already covered how to increase potency & quality of home-grown buds, as well as how to produce buds with a better taste & smell, but this article will focus specifically on how to increase your indoor cannabis yields.

I will cover 5 easy ways to increase your indoor marijuana yields at harvest time, no matter which strain you're growing!

These 5 tips and tactics will work to increase your indoor cannabis yields with any strain. However, the genetics (strain) you start with will have a huge effect on your final results and yields. For growers who want to start with high-yielding genetics, I've listed some popular & potent high-yielding cannabis strains in the bonus section below the main article, along with grower notes to help you provide each strain with exactly what it needs.

Now before you start worrying about increasing your cannabis yields, you must first make sure you've mastered the basics of growing, and know how to deal with cannabis problems that crop up.

Yet once you've got a handle on how to successfully grow your cannabis plants, you must begin to understand the following 5 tactics in order to get the most yields from your indoor grow space...

Table of Contents

1. Increase Light Intensity (and possibly add CO2)
2. Manipulate How Plants Grow (free way to produce more bud)
3. Provide Correct Amount of Nutrients (sometimes less is more)
4. Control Growing Environment (let the growing environment work for you)
5. Harvest Plants Properly (most importantly, don't harvest early!)

Bonus: Genetics Has a Major Effect on Yields (plus a few recommended high-yielding strains)

1.) Increase light intensity 

(and possibly add CO2 so plants can use even more light)

A lot of growers ask me how to increase the size, number and density of their buds so they get bigger yields. The truth is, for most growers, the most effective way to increase bud size in the flowering stage is to increase LIGHT INTENSITY.

If your cannabis plant has no major problems or illnesses, then the biggest factor affecting your yields is the light intensity provided.

Light is basically food for your plants. Turning light into energy via photosynthesis is how your plants get all their energy to grow and produce buds.

As a general rule of thumb...

More Intense Light = Larger Plants & Fatter Buds = Bigger Yields

After you've germinated your seeds (or rooted your clones), one of the most important things to do right from the beginning is ensure that your plants are getting enough light.

During the vegetative stage, cannabis plants which don't get enough light will tend to 'stretch' up toward the light with a lot of stem between nodes and leaves.

You need to provide enough light intensity to prevent young cannabis plants from stretching or growing too tall and falling over.

Example: The seedling to the left is stretching upwards because it is not getting enough light. The plant is trying to "reach" up towards what it thinks is the sun.

This stretching is not usually a good thing, because these seedings almost always fall over and will tend to grow into tall lanky plants. Tall, tower-like plants are hard to give proper light coverage in the flowering stage and will tend to get lower yields in most indoor setups.

That's because during the flowering stage (when plant start producing buds), higher light intensity is what drives the production of buds. Wait, when does the vegetative stage end?

For most small-scale indoor growing setups, finding ways to increase the amount of light getting to the bud sites throughout the flowering stage is the most straightforward and effective way to increase your final yields.

Once your cannabis plant is producing buds, anything you can do to help get more intense lights to the bud sites will tend to increase your yields. Indoor cannabis grow lights provide the highest light levels close to the actual bulb. The further away from the bulb of a cannabis grow light, the less intense the brightness experienced by the plant.

Because of this, it is tough to provide bright light to all the buds on a cannabis plant when the colas are uneven lengths or at different heights. It is most effective and efficient to grow cannabis plants so they have a lot of colas spaced relatively close together and at the same height.

Cannabis growth patterns are something you have complete control over in the vegetative stage (addressed in the plant training section below) and taking the time to manipulate your young plants to make good use of your indoor grow lights is one of the best ways to increase your yields with the same lights.

Yet after flowering has already started, there's not much you can do about uneven cola height without possibly hurting your plant, so if your plant is already flowering, you've just got to do your best to provide the most intense light possible to all the buds until harvest, without overheating or harming your precious growing colas. It's important to keep plants cool during the flowering stage, as high temps can actually burn off terpenoids (smell/taste) and cannabinoids (potency), lowering the quality of buds even as you may be increasing the overall yields at harvest.

For the best results, you want all your buds directly exposed to intense light. Being in direct light seems to cause buds to swell up much more than when buds are hidden by leaves.

Why do buds need to be exposed? In the wild, cannabis buds are pollinated by the wind and need light from the sun to power the growth of seeds. A cannabis bud in the wild which is not exposed to air and light is unlikely to get pollinated, so the plant tends to not put much effort into the hidden middle and lower buds on the plant. Only buds which are exposed to air and bright light will tend to fatten up.

How much light is too much light?

Most indoor growers are unlikely to provide too much light to their plants - cannabis plants can use a surprising amount of light naturally! 

As long as an indoor grower doesn't keep lights too close, it is usually impossible to provide too much light and actually hurt your cannabis garden.

• CFLs and fluorescent grow lights are relatively weak and should be kept as close to your cannabis plants as possible while keeping heat under control.
• With the various LED grow lights, the distance lights should be kept from the plant will vary from model to model, and it's important to listen to the manufacturer's specifications when it comes to deciding how close to keep LEDs to your plants.
• How Far Away Should MH/HPS Grow Lights Be From My Plants?
• With all grow lights, it's important to have some sort of cooling or exhaust system in place to prevent heat stress and help bring fresh CO2 to the plants.

If you keep increasing the light intensity in your grow room (or moving high-power lights closer and closer), you will eventually reach a point where you max out on the light your plants can use.

If you consider that light is like food for your plant, maxing out the light is like putting so much food on the table that your plants hurt themselves trying to finish their plates.

Plants provided with too bright light can experience light burn even if temps are cool when the light intensity gets too high. Some strains are more susceptible to light burn than others.

When you've reached the ultimate max of light that your plants can use, you still have a trick up your sleeve to further increase your yields. You can give your plants the ability to use even more of that light (and increase your bud yields even further) by increasing the CO2 levels in your grow room during the flowering stage.

So if light is like food for your plant, think of CO2 as a way to give your plants a way to "stretch their bellies" and eat even more food than would normally be possible.

The way additional CO2 works is it increases the amount of light your plant can use at very high light levels. With smaller grow lights like CFLs, a T5, even a 400W HID grow light, it is very unlikely that your light is bright enough to bring your plants to point where they are being limited by CO2. Adding extra CO2 when it's not the limiting factor of growth is almost always a waste of time and money. For most plants, providing a source of fresh air will give plants all the CO2 they need. But if your plants have maxed out on light, artificially raising CO2 levels in the grow room can help plants use even more of the light and turn it into energy for growth.

Just remember that it takes a lot of light for your cannabis plants to hit this light saturation point. so unless you're using high powered lights like a 1000W grow light (or high-power LEDs) and keeping the lights incredibly close, your plants are probably able to use all the light they're receiving.

Most Important Point about CO2

Adding CO2 to the grow room does not directly increase yields. CO2 only increases the amount of energy your plants can produce under very high intensity light levels. If plants have not maxed out on light, adding more CO2 will not increase yields.

Another important point about using CO2 - In order for CO2 supplementation to be effective, you generally have to seal off the grow area and pump in enough CO2 to dramatically impact the CO2 PPM levels in the air. CO2 is dangerous to humans at these high levels, so be careful to protect yourself!

Learn more about CO2 and it's relationship to light intensity and marijuana yields here:
http://growweedeasy.com/co2-marijuana-yields

Learn about grow light options, so you can pick the most intense light possible for your grow space:
http://growweedeasy.com/growing-marijuana-what-type-of-lights

Next you'll learn how to manipulate your plant so that you can get more light coverage to your bud sites, using the same grow lights you already have.

Manipulating your plants is a basically free way to increase your yields, without needing to change anything else about your setup. You don't need to buy expensive nutrients or get a new grow light for this to work for you.

Learn about all the ways you can control the size and shape of your cannabis plants

Manipulating the plant in a way that doesn't involve actually cutting your plant is often referred to as "LST" in the cannabis growing world, which is short for "Low Stress Training."

The idea of LST is to manually force your plant to grow flat and wide, as opposed to tall and thin, usually using bending.

Here's an example of a plant that has been LST'ed to grow very short and wide.

Notice how the plant is very short when viewed from the side, but when viewed from above the plant has a lot of leaf surface area. All those leaves are like little solar panels, getting energy from your grow light.. 

This flat plant shape allows the whole plant to better use your existing grow lights, since a greater percentage of the plant is closer to the light source, which means that more of the plant is getting exposed to brighter light intensity.

Any LST attempts should almost always begin when the plant is very young, as this type of "table" shape is much harder to achieve once the plant has developed into a triangle shape with a tall main cola.

Learn more about LST here:
http://growweedeasy.com/lst-low-stress-training

A variation of LST is when growers use a screen or net to act as a guide with which to force plants to grow flat. This technique is known as ScrOG (short for "Screen Of Green").

ScrOg is how you achieve something like this...

Notice how practically the whole plant is getting direct exposure from the lights. All that direct, intense light will be turned into energy by the plant, fueling bigger buds and overall yields.

In order to use ScrOG, you will need to invest in a screen, and take time during the vegetative and beginning of the flowering stage to train your plant to grow along the screen. 

Learn more about how to ScrOG here:
http://growweedeasy.com/lbh-scrog-tutorial

Another popular and easy-to-learn plant training method that increases yields is known as "Supercropping."

Basically, supercropping means to bend your plant so that individual stems lay flat and form a "knuckle" where they were bent.

Supercropping can be used alongside any other plant training method or by itself. Any time you notice any colas growing taller than the others, but are unable to use bending to pull down that errant cola out and away from the center of the plant, you can use supercropping to force any plant to bend.

Super Cropping Marijuana Tutorial: Simple Secret to Bigger Yields:
http://growweedeasy.com/how-to-super-crop-marijuana

Now when it comes to plant training, there are lots of methods that involve actually cutting your plant, or removing stems and/or leaves.

As far as methods that involve actually cutting the plant, you have two main options. One is to 'top' the plant and one is to 'FIM' the plant.

With both techniques, you remove some of the growth on the end of the main cola of your young cannabis plant, which causes the plant to stop focusing on one cola (like a Christmas tree) and instead to create many bud-laden colas (grow a sea of buds).

This will give you an idea of how the plant growth patterns change as a result of topping or FIMing a cannabis plant at a young age.

Learn more about topping & FIMing young cannabis plants

A very popular form of plant training that utilizes topping and really seems to simplify the whole process for a lot of growers is known as main-lining.

Learn about main-lining from Nugbuckets right here:
http://growweedeasy.com/main-lining-technique-nugbuckets

Now I will mention the next technique so this section is complete, but I highly recommend against using this technique until you already have had at least a few successful grows under your belt. I also recommend mastering the other forms of plant training first, like all the ones mentioned above before trying this technique.

Defoliation can hurt or even kill your plants if done incorrectly. I believe that defoliation has in important place in the grower's plant training repertoire, yet I also believe that most growers would do better to master the other training methods first before ever trying defoliation.

Now that you've been warned...

(Experienced Growers Only) Controversial Defoliation Increases Marijuana Yields:
http://growweedeasy.com/marijuana-defoliation-tutorial

Next, learn how using less nutrients can actually result in bigger yields.

Your cannabis plant needs nutrients to grow, no doubt about it. But which nutrients should you give them?

How much nutrients do your plants need to grow their best?

Learn everything you need to know about cannabis nutrients here
(and get custom cannabis nutrient schedules)

But just getting the correct kind of nutrients and following a nutrient schedule isn't the only step you should take. Unfortunately, for whatever reason, many growers tend to provide too high levels of nutrients to their plants. This is most common when growers mix many different nutrients and supplements together, without understanding what the plant needs to grow well.

As a grower, it is important that you learn how to tell when your plants are showing signs that they're receiving too high levels of nutrients.

The most common sign that your plants are getting too much nutrients is "nutrient burn."

Learn more about nutrient burn

Growers often refer to nutrients as "food" for your plants. When you talk about it that way, it intuitively seems like giving more "food" would result in bigger buds, but is that really the case?

As we learned earlier in the section about light intensity, the real "food" for your plants is light. Light is what your plant turns into energy through photosynthesis, and this energy is what fuels vegetative and flowering growth.

Then what do the nutrients do? They're like little helpers that give your plant what it needs to carry out the process of photosynthesis and growth.

I like to think of nutrients like vitamins for humans. While humans need to get certain vitamins to survive, I want you to consider that people should never eat multi-vitamins like candy. In fact, if you give people more vitamins than their body can use, they will actually get very sick. 

Nutrients are important to healthy growth, but it's important to understand that going overboard will cause more harm than good.

While many growers are trying to raise nutrient levels as high as possible, I have gotten better results (yields) when I simply try to avoid providing too little or too much nutrients.

Healthy cannabis leaves appear green and uniform. As long as your leaves look like this, without signs of spots, discoloration, curling or other problems, you have nothing to worry about!

Cannabis plants seem to produce the best yields when nutrient levels are kept on the lower end compared to what is recommended with most nutrient systems; I try to give enough nutrients to prevent nutrient deficiencies throughout the grow, while avoiding nutrient burn. I rarely raise nutrient levels unless I'm noticing signs that this particular plant is a heavy nutrient-user and needs more. You will notice that different plants often require wildly different levels of nutrients.

As long as your cannabis is not showing signs of nutrient burn or nutrient deficiencies, you're in the "sweet spot" for optimum growth and yields

When it comes to growing in soil, one of the best things you can do is compost your own super soil. Composted super soil can be made completely organically, and will provide your cannabis plants with all the nutrients needed throughout yoru grow. That will make it so that you don't have to worry as much about nutrients or deficiencies, and you can focus your time and effort on maintaining your plants.

For growers using bottled nutrients, including hydroponic growers as well as many soil growers, I usually recommend you start using half (or even less) of the suggested amount of nutrients listed on most nutrient schedules. There's a lot more information about this on my main article about cannabis nutrients. I generally only ever raise my nutrient levels when I notice that this particular plant is a heavy nutrient user (the lower leaves are starting to turn yellow and die - especially in the vegetative or early flowering stage, though it's normal to start losing leaves the last month before harvest). 

Slightly lowered nutrient levels seem to be especially important to bud production during the last 2-4 weeks before harvest time.

It's natural for the lower leaves of a cannabis plant to start turning yellow as harvest time approaches

It's natural for the plant to start losing leaves as the plant puts all energy into making buds, and unfortunately many growers respond by ramping up nutrient levels late in the flowering stage. Unfortunately, adding too high levels of nutrients during the later part of the flowering stage, especially nitrogen, tends to hinder the plant from developing buds properly.

Yet if you keep nutrient levels low and allow the vegetative growth to die away during those last few weeks, the buds seem to swell up dramatically compared to a plant that is kept green all the way to harvest. By keeping nutrient levels lower as harvest approaches (or flushing the plant by feeding only plain water), you will also make sure that there is no leftover "nutrient taste" in the buds which never got the chance to be used up before harvest.

Lowering overall nutrient levels and letting the leaves yellow and die as harvest approaches has seemed to improve my bud yields compared to when I use full levels of nutrients until harvest, and it also seems to improve the final taste & smell of buds.

Bonus Tip For Soil Growers: Provide a source of sugar (blackstrap molasses works great) towards end of flowering stage to increase bud weight

By supplementing your cannabis roots with extra sugar towards the end of flowering, you help improve the flavor of your buds while also fattening buds up.

This is especially effective for those growing organically, as this works synergistically with the beneficial microbes in your soil

There are many commercial supplements that claim to fatten up buds and improve flavor, but most of these work by adding simple sugar.

If you're growing in soil and looking for a cheap yet effective alternative to those expensive supplements, you can add a little bit of regular blackstrap molasses (a teaspoon or two per gallon) to your water every time you water your plants during the second half of the flowering stage.

Please Note: It is not recommended to use molasses in a hydroponic grow setup.

A good growing environment is crucial to the health of your plants, as well as your final potency and yields. When the temperature (and to a lesser extent the humidity) is too high or too low for your plants, your plants will not grow properly and buds won't fatten up no matter what else you do.

Too high temps late in the flowering stage can also reduce the potency of smell of your buds by burning away cannabinoids and terpenes.

By controlling temperature and humidity, you can actually increase the smell and potency of your buds at harvest.

If there is a particular source of heat that is harming the plant (like a hot grow light), you'll know because the leaves closest to the source of the problem will wilt and turn a brownish color. Learn more about how cannabis plants respond to heat stress.

This step-by-step tutorial shows you exactly how to control temperature in the grow room 

Now that you've learned how to provide the best environment and growing conditions for your cannabis plant to produce the biggest yields indoors, there's one last thing you must do to ensure the highest yields possible...

For most strains of cannabis, there is a 2-3 week window during which buds can be harvested. When growers harvest before the proper "harvest window", it can reduce your yields (and potency).

By allowing your buds to ripen fully, you will maximize your overall yields. I've seen buds gain up to 25% adiitional size (at least visually) in the last 2-3 weeks before harvest. If I'd harvested these buds earlier, I would have dramatically lowered my overall yields.

Another benefit of waiting until the right time to harvest is you can choose to harvest your buds when they have the exact effects you're looking for. Harvest earlier for a more buzzy daytime high, and harvest later for a more relaxing, couchlock experience

Learn how to tell when your buds are ready for harvest:
http://growweedeasy.com/how-do-i-know-when-to-harvest-marijuana

And also make sure you professionally cure your newly harvested buds every time...
http://growweedeasy.com/how-to-cure-buds

Blue Cheese by Big Buddha seeds is a stabilized (indica-leaning) F1 Hybrid bred from the original U.K. Cheese (mother) and a specially selected Blueberry (father). The smell of the buds are fruity, sweet and sometimes spicy or with hints of the famous "cheese" smell. In fact the incredibly strong smell of the buds in flowering may be overwhelming. Very popular strain that is gaining a lot of attention lately. Powerful and stoney effect has been described as "euphoric".

Growing tips: Forgiving and ultra easy to grow indoors with amazing yields. Naturally mold-resistant (which is partly why this strain is popular in humid climates like the UK). This strain is not as good for growing outdoors because the powerful smell gives it away. Most plants grow short and stocky with lots of side branching, though certain plants tend to grow a bit taller. Responds very well to plant training. Needs about 8-10 weeks in the flowering stage to allow her to fatten up properly and produce her signature stinky potent buds.

Wonder Woman surprised us with her high yielding power in one of our recent harvests. View the full grow journal here.

Growing tips: This forgiving hybrid strain is extremely easy to grow, and responds well to FIMing/topping/LST/ training methods. Fat buds produce an uplifting yet relaxing effect. She takes a little bit longer to finish flowering (2-3 months), but she makes up for it with great yields and huge dense buds. She tends to want nutrients at high levels - we got great results feeding her at full strength. Big yields. Dense, hard buds that look beautiful and got lots of favorable comments about potency and flavor.

AK-47 by Serious Seeds is a famous cannabis strain that has won many awards and is a multiple cannabis cup winner. AK-47 has an extremely STRONG odor, which smells sweet & sour, sometimes almost a hint of citrus. As far as potency, buds produce an incredible strong and clear, long lasting high. The name was not given out of any idea of violence, but more in association with the fact that these buds are a one hit wonder. This strain is costly because it is so well-loved and popular, so it's recommended you clone your plants as you will likely want to grow this strain again after your first harvest.

Growing tips: A very stable strain from a trusted breeder which consistently provides the same results with every seed. AK-47 is easy to grow and stays a medium height while producing great yields. AK-47 has a short flowering period for a sativa-leaning strain, producing compact buds that gleam with trichomes.  Flowering takes 9-11 weeks before the buds are ready for harvest.

Remember, sharing is caring!

Jump to...

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7 Tips to Growing Top Shelf Buds

See all grow topics on GrowWeedEasy.com!

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