Frankly , I didn’t know how to title this loooong newsletter. So I opted for two titles.

It has been a long time since I wrote one of my unconventional newsletters. You know, those weird, somewhat self-absorbed stories about my recent and future exploits, spangled with upcoming tours.

If you aren't thinking of traveling in the near future, you probably don't open most emails from other bird tour companies. I use my personal stories as a strategy to spice up my newsletters, hoping to entice you to open the email and lure you into reading further, even if you're not planning a birding trip right now.

Perhaps you're wondering: 
What has Gunnar been up to lately? So you open my newsletter with the intriguing title, "I am 22 Again", to find out.

Well, after my recent 3:09 marathon in Copenhagen, I do feel like 22 again! It is my fastest time since 1982.  
 

Perhaps my story can inspire others. It's all about setting goals and little by little getting there.To use a very worn cliché. It is not a sprint it is a marathon. I've learned that this life advice applies literally to marathons as well (sic!).
 

More about this you'll find further below.

The other title - Biggest Eagles In The World - refers to our specific tours within the next year to see the three biggest eagles in the world: the Steller’s Eagle, Harpy Eagle, and Philippine Eagle.

Let’s jump right into what you'll find in this newsletter.

• The Biggest Eagles in the world in a year
• Upcoming trips that I am guiding. plus a few other confirmed trips.
• My recent travels
• Book project
• 3:09 Marathon
• Guran Guran 

The Biggest Eagles in the World. 

Within a year from now, you can see three of the biggest eagles in the world on tours with Kolibri Expeditions and 7 Wonders Birding. 

Harpy Eagle.
Right now there is a nest at the end of Manu Road. We will make a day trip to the nest on one of the days on our short Manu Road tour. There are several upcoming departures. 
The chick is still not fledged, so it is tended daily by the parents. The earlier you decide to come the higher the chance of seeing an adult. If the breeding is successful, the chick will hang around the area for a year or so after it fledges. However, the parents will only occasionally feed it, and it moves around during the day. They roost near the nest at night, so the best time to see them later this year is right after dawn or before sundown.
 

If you are keen to see a Harpy Eagle, you should drop everything and come within a week or two. I have a guide available.
The size of the female is truly astounding. They are up to 107 cm long, weigh up to 9kg, and have a wingspan of up to 2.24m. Their main prey are sloths and monkeys. 

Additionally, there is currently an active nest of the second-largest South American Eagle, the Crested Eagle, in the Tambopata area. The Crested Eagle is generally much more difficult to spot since their nest sites are less often discovered than those of the Harpy Eagle.
 

Confirmed departures for our 5-day Manu Road tour are on:

• June 21
• July 3
• Aug 6
• Aug 26
• Sep 19

We can naturally arrange this trip at any time. Just let us know. 

Harpy Eagle chick from 2021 in the same area. Photo by Vlad Sladariu

Philippine Eagle

Since I am taking part in the Asian Bird Fair this year, I have set up a pre-tour to Mindanao with Pete Simpson, a resident of Mindanao for many years and the leading birding expert on the island. Western Mindanao is still a no-go zone due to radical insurgents, but we are only birding in the eastern part of the island, so we shall have no problems with Pete overseeing the logistics.
 

The Philippine Eagle is immense. Up to a meter in length, weighing up to 8 kg, and with a 2 m wingspan, its bill is massive. It is also a critically endangered species. The global population is estimated to be just 90-250 pairs, with half of those on Mindanao island. They need large tracts of forest. Logging remains the biggest threat to the population, along with encroaching agriculture and settlements. Fortunately, they can still be seen on Mt. Kitanglad, Mindanao, where the population is most stable.

While most birding tours focus on the Philippine Eagle as the main target, they also aim to spot other endemics. Sometimes views can be very distant. We want to spend more time on the Eagle by visiting two sites. We are dedicating five days to the Eagle in total. While doing so, we also have plenty of time to get the remaining endemics on Mt. Kitanglad.

If you want to see most of the remaining endemics of the lowland forest in Mindanao, we offer a three-day pre-tour to PICOP. This is for serious birders. Conditions can be muddy, and more hiking is involved. Hiking is involved in both sections. 

The cost of the 7-day Philippine Eagle tour is from $2000 and $2550 for the 10-day tour. Flights from Manila are included, as well as all transport, food, guiding, and entrance fees. 
The start of the 10-day tour is on Nov 11 from Manila with a mid-morning flight. 

Steller’s Eagle

I recently spent a full month in Japan guiding two separate groups to Hokkaido. On both trips, we saw plenty of Steller’s Eagles. On the first trip, the pack ice was practically in the harbor, so we did not have to go far to see the Eagles on the ice. 

With its enormous honking yellow bill and piercing pale eyes, it epitomizes an Angry Bird of giant proportions. It stands 1.05 m tall with a wingspan of up to 2.45 m and a weight of up to 9 kg. An impressive sight, especially as we often see several hundreds of them on one short boat trip.

This year, I had the chance to experience Japan a bit on my own, with plenty of time between the tours since there was no interest in the extensions I offered. For example, I had a homestay with a Japanese family. My Japanese has improved, although I am still at a beginner’s level. As I mentioned in my last newsletter at the beginning of the year, I made it my New Year's resolution to study a bit of Japanese every day. So far, I haven't missed a day.
 

Again, we offer two Japan departures in 2025.  As usual, there are also extensions to Kyushu for Cranes, Okinawa, and the Miyaki-Jima ferry for some Izu endemics and three albatrosses. I am putting up the dates the coming days. If interested in Japan in February 2025, send me an email. 

Gunnar’s guiding and travel calendar. Mention of other confirmed trips. 

I enjoy guiding. This year, I'll be guiding a bit more than last year. We have a variety of trips with small groups coming up, and I hope to see you on one of them. Here are the dates and some background information. Where there are links, you can join the tours.
 

Central Peru cleanup 16 days (PRIVATE)
I had intended to send this newsletter before departing for a 16-day private birding trip in Central Peru with client Jason Lewis, but too many things came up. The trip was a huge success, and we had an impressive list of birds.

Jason writes:
I looked at the most recent Birdquest trip report, and they had 414 species and 57 endemics including heard only.  We had 466 species and 57 endemics not including heard-only species that would have been lifers for me.

You can find the trip list and Jason’s photos here.
I'll add my own photos like these Golden-backed Mountain-Tanagers soon .

We worked very hard, and at times, lifers became our only nourishment rather than stopping for food. I joked: The nutritional value of lifers is astounding. 
It's true. When seeing new birds, hunger, sleepiness, and cold magically disappears.

I enjoy this hard-core type of birding as much as slower birding with cultural elements (see the trip in September for slower pace birding with birds and archeology) in Peru.

If you are interested in the same 16-day Central Peru tour there is a departure on July 6-21. We can also arrange this tour at any time, preferably during the dry season from mid-April to mid-December. There are also shorter 5-day tours of Junin Lake and Bosque Unchog, and the 5-day Satipo Road trip, which can be arranged on short notice. 

June 19. Peru. Abra Malaga och Manu road with HARPY EAGLE. 6 days + 5 days in  North Peru with Juan Julca. 
We'll visit Abra Malaga for various endemic birds not found on the Manu Road and then head to Manu Road for five days. I am guiding and one of the days we attempt to see the Harpy Eagle. The chick will still be small so it should be attended by the parents frequently.

After this trip, Juan Julca will lead the clients in Northern Peru for five days, starting on June 25 with a flight to Tarapoto in the evening.

Another Manu Road trip on July 3 will be guided by Jose Antonio Padilla.
 

June 29. Brazil. Pantanal 7 days. (Tentatively).

Originally, I planned to be in Uganda during this period, but there were no takers for our short Uganda tour. Later, a couple approached me about a Pantanal trip within this timeframe, but they have now made other plans.

The window in my schedule remains, so I would happily arrange a Pantanal trip if anyone is interested. It can be arranged on short notice, but we need to be flexible on the final program depending on lodge availability. The Pantanal is paradise on earth, no matter where you stay. Most birds and wildlife are along the main road and rivers.

In 2023, I did two very successful tours to Pantanal. We saw plenty of Jaguars, Ocelot, Giant Anteater, Tapir, Howler Monkeys, Giant Otter, and Capybaras, as well as lots of birds, including Hyacinth Macaw, Sunbittern, Sungrebe, and Jabiru Stork. This is the kind of trip where non-birders become birders. Perfect for a non-birding spouse or friend. Let me know if you are interested.

I have also scheduled the following dates, as I have gaps in my schedule:
July 18-24, 2024

August 12-18, 2024

Let me know if these dates suit you?

July 12-15. Global Bird Fair.

I will be at the Global Bird Fair in Rutland. This year, I will not be at the PromPeru booth as usual, but I will have my own stand for the first time. I will be in the Kingfisher Marquee at stand K3.  

I am very excited and a bit nervous. I am also feeling a bit alone so I am looking for volunteers to help me out. If you volunteer, I have one extra ticket per day, I'll buy you a few pints, and you'll get a brand new MORE BIRDS baseball cap.

I can also provide a exhibitor car park ticket, and an invitation to the pre-birdfair exhibitor party on the evening Thursday July 11. 
 

July 26-August 3. Family Holiday. Daughter turns 15.

My youngest daughter Anahí turns 15 - Quinceañera celebration. This is a big event for every girl in Latin America. Many girls want a big party, but my daughter wants a trip, just like her older sister two years ago. That time, we went to the Bahamas on a Disney cruise. Daddy got some lifers and dressed up like a pirate.

Anahí wanted to go somewhere exotic like Thailand, but the available time for my wife to travel is too short. Instead, we are going to Greece for some beach and culture. Some quality time with the family.
 

August 5-10. Peru. Abra Malaga och Manu road 6 dagar.
We have a group of two couples that I shall guide, and we could take another couple if anyone is interested. This tour is quite relaxed. One participant is a keen videographer and will share his videos with his friends. This is an opportunity to get excellent memories of the trip. Here is an example of one of his videos of the Marvelous Spatuletail display from the recent North Peru trip I did with him and his wife at the beginning of the year.

Note that we also have a confirmed departure for the short 5-day Manu road program on August 26 and on September 19. 

 

August 30-Sep 1. Falsterbo Bird Show

Falsterbo Birdshow is the biggest birding event in Sweden. Last year, I participated in this pleasant birding festival in Southern Sweden during the peak of the Honey Buzzard migration. I plan to do it again this year. 

While in Sweden, I will get together with my band Guran Guran to make some new recordings. It's a crazy prospect, but we are recording one song to present to the Swedish Qualification Competition (Mello) for the Eurovision Song Contest. It's never too late to aim high!
 

September 9-24. Archeology, culture and birding in Peru. Nazca, Lima, Machu Picchu, Cuzco and Manu road.
This started as a request for a tour with more cultural elements for a British couple. Later, another participant joined for the whole tour, and at least three more for the final 5-day Manu Road program. I will likely lead the whole trip or most of it, but we will probably add a guide for the larger group. This is a fantastic opportunity for couples where one person is not as keen on birds as the other or for anyone who wants to experience the cultural grandeur of Peru while still doing a lot of birding.

If you're interested, reply to this email, and I will send you the program. It is possible to join parts of the trip if you wish. There are only three people for the cultural section of 10 days and six people booked for the 5-day Manu Road segment.
 

October 19-Nov 5. North Peru. Life Bird Tours (FULL)

I am guiding a private tour for Life Bird Tours in Northern Peru. This is our standard 16-day North Peru tour, with the exception that we have added Kuelap and Gogta Lodge while skipping the birding in Jaen. This reduces driving and adds a bit of culture.
 

Overlapping with this tour is a Northern Peru tour that Juan Julca is guiding between Oct 30 and Nov 14. This tour is also private. We have scheduled a full Northern Peru trip on Nov 18 that you can join. Before that trip, it is possible to make an extension for the Scarlet-banded Barbet.
 

November 11-20. Mindanao. Philippines. Philippine Eagle.
One of the top Bucket List birds in the world for many people is the majestic Philippine Eagle. 7 Wonders Birding offer our first tour to the Philippines. 

The Philippine Eagle program lasts seven days, including travel from Manila. Before that, there is an optional three days of birding in the endemic-rich lowland rainforest at PICOP. 

This itinerary was carefully put together by the well-known Mindanao birder Pete Simpson. Pete is providing the logistics and the best local guides.
 

The Mindanao trip runs just before the Asian Bird Fair, making it perfect for anyone wanting to attend the BirdFair. The price for the 7-day trip to see the eagle is $2000. The price for 10 days is $2650.

After the Asian Bird Fair, Nov 24 to Dec 2, we are planning five days on Luzon and four days on Palawan. The associated ABF tour operators are also planning tours around this time, and they will certainly be good tours, but they may be more geared towards bird photography. Our extensions will focus on traditional hardcore birding to see as many endemics as possible. Although next to impossible nowadays, we will make a serious attempt to see the Palawan Peacock Pheasant. Prices will be competitive.
 

December 19-23. India: Taj Mahal, Tiger and birding.
Our short India adventure is a perfect trip to lure your non-birding spouse to join you on a Tiger Safari, lots of birding, and a visit to one of the 7 Wonders of the World - the stunningly beautiful Taj Mahal.

December 24-31 (extension until Jan 3). Birding and Buddhism in the Kingdom of Bhutan 

Let’s not celebrate Christmas this year! If you want to get away from the bustling and hustling of the holiday season, Bhutan is a great idea. Nestled in the Himalayas, this is another world. 

Bhutan has become very expensive for tourists in recent years, so you may want to opt for a short and sweet tour that gives you both birding and cultural highlights. 
If you have more time we offer an extension of three days for more birding. 

 

2025
Jan 5-9, 2024 North Peru 5 days. The short North Peru trip is confirmed and it is open for more people to join. I will guide this tour myself if Bhutan for some reason does not run. Otherwise Juan Julca will guide. 
 

Jan 24-29. Flock to Marion. South Africa. It is happening again. Flock to Marion organized by BirdLife South Africa. Imagine 2000 birders on board the same cruise ship. Sounds like a BirdParty. 
It is also a fundraiser to eradicate mice on Marion for the conservations of seabirds. I will be on board. How about you?

For the rest of 2025 there are several trips planned. 

• North East India right after Bhutan from the beginning ofJanuary. The itinerary is forthcoming. The idea is to have an India Big 5 mammal and birdwatching trip for around 5 days in Kazinranga followed by an Eagle Nest extension for some 4 days. It is Rushi Tawade, our Indian volunteer for the Satipo Road lodge project, who is helping us to set up this exciting program
• Cambodia February
• Japan (February)
• South Spain (April)
• Colorado grouse trip (late April)
• Brazil (June)
• Uganda (late June-July)
• Snow leopard in Mongolia (early August)
• Papua New Guinea - unique bird families and Mt Hagen festival (August)
• Tanzania Summit Kilimanjaro, and Serengeti (October)
• Madagascar - bird families clean up (November)
• And of course Peru all year round

Check the 7 Wonders Birding website for more info about these trip. I shall have the programs for 2025 ready before the Global Birdfair in July. 

My recent travels

Brazil and Argentina

It's been quite a while since I last wrote a newsletter like this, and I've traveled extensively since September last year.
 

After the Falsterbo Bird Show in Sweden at the end of August, I spent five weeks in Brazil and Argentina. In Brazil, I guided a woman in search of hummingbirds over ten days, including a few reconnaissance days before the trip. We visited Belo Horizonte, Bahia, and finally, the stunning Iguazu Falls, before concluding our adventure in the Pantanal. My journey continued through Southeast Brazil, exploring Campos do Jordao, Ubatuba, Itatiaia, and Trilha do Tucanos for a week. 

Then, I spent three weeks with a large Swedish group, covering 18 days in the Pantanal, Trilha dos Tucanos, Iguazu Falls again, and crossing into Argentina to visit Peninsula Valdes, Puerto Deseado, and Penguin Island, home to the stunning Rockhopper Penguins, ending our tour in Buenos Aires before returning to Peru.

I am currently working on an itinerary for a Chinese group visiting Patagonia in October this year, which will include Peninsula Valdes, Torres del Paine, and Tierra del Fuego, destinations I explored with another large Swedish group in 2022.
 

Our adventures featured remarkable wildlife sightings, including an Ocelot at a feeder set-up and several Jaguars in the Pantanal. In Brazil, we marveled at hummingbirds like the Horned Sungem and both species of Visorbearer, alongside the magnificent Iguazu Falls.

It would be fantastic to run the Pantanal tour again this year. Check the dates above for more information.

Japan February 2024

Throughout the fall, I had planned four weeks of work in Japan, with two main departures scheduled. However, two months before departure, one of the groups fell apart due to illness. It seemed like I would spend four weeks in Japan with only one week of work. Returning to Peru and coming back for my guiding assignment was too costly, so I viewed it as a great opportunity to immerse myself in the country and improve my Japanese.

A near-miracle occurred when an Indian expat and his son booked a four-day trip to Hokkaido just two weeks before departure. This covered my expenses and even left a bit for my salary.
 

With ample free time, I arranged a homestay with a Japanese family and even managed a successful twitch for a Siberian Crane.
 

Hokkaido brought freezing weather during the first stint, but we had a beautiful boat trip to see Steller’s Eagles on the pack ice. Despite lots of wind and a snowstorm during the second trip, we enjoyed amazing views of Eagles, Red-crowned Cranes, Blakiston’s Fish Owl, and Ural Owl. We'll run double departures in Japan again in 2025, so be sure to book early.

Australia March 2024.

At last year's Global Birdfair, I received an invitation from Iain Campbell of Tropical Birding for a camping trip in the Australian outback. It was an offer too good to refuse, even if it meant a detour from Japan to Cairns, adding another two weeks to my month away from home.
 

It was an experience of a lifetime, birding from dawn to dusk. As birding slowed in the afternoons, I even found time for marathon training. We attempted to spot the Night Parrot, heard briefly at 3 AM, but despite extensive searching, we couldn't locate it.
 

The trip was epic, resulting in 88 lifers, including four new bird families: Quail-thrushes, Lyrebird, Owlet-Nightjar, Sitellas, Pseudo-Babblers, and (Rufous) Scrub-bird. Next time in Australia, I'll aim for the Plains-wanderer.
 

While in Japan, we ran a private 7 Wonders Birding departure to Tasmania and the Australian Iconic Mammals. This fabulous trip can be combined with an extension for Plains-wanderer or a general tour for Australian bird families for first-time visitors. Let me know if you're interested, and I'll schedule a departure.

Book project: Sparkbirds of the World and Bucket List Birds of the World.

In Australia, it was great to hang out with Iain Campbell, the main author of the commercially successful book Habitats of the World. His unique approach examines bird and wildlife communities through their habitats. Iain has a contract for a follow-up series that delves deeper into each continent.

Inspired by his effectiveness as an author, I have started working on a long-time book idea: an illustrated and annotated checklist of the best birds in the world. Since returning, I've written over 8,000 words for the first book of three.

The book project is best split into three volumes:

Volume 1: Sparkbirds of the World 
This volume will cover the common and ubiquitous birds that turn muggles into birders. The birds that spark an interest in birdwatching and bird photography. The book will include sparkbirds from the UK, Sweden, Spain, North America, India, South Africa, and Australia. Iain came up with the perfect subtitle: "The Sneaky Way to Get Your Friends and Family into Birding."

Volume 2: Bucket List Birds of the World. 1000 birds to see before you die. 
This volume features the most stunning and many threatened species, with at least one representative from each of the 250 bird families. These birds are easily gettable, without requiring days-long expeditions for a slim chance of a sighting.

The idea of 1000 species struck me as I realized that some birds that you see simply don’t stick, plus the fact that for most of us serious birders, we shall never be even be close to getting 10000 species or more on the life list before we shelf the bins. So why keep a traditional lifelist at all? Would it not be better to just concentrate on the birds that you can remember and that will give a lasting impression? 

It would also be a more rewarding way to continue with birding after the initiation. Life-listing is frankly quite nerdy. The 1000 best birds could also be a fun photography challenge. 

I see no reason why this volume should not become a bestseller. I only have to write it and get it published. Haha!

Volume 3. Bucket List Birding Part 2. The Holy Grails of Birding.

This volume will feature some of the toughest birds to see involving considerable effort and hardship but incredible rewards. It covers many critically endangered species in remote areas and those requiring significant hiking or long expeditions.

Some species may be expensive like Emperor Penguin, Tuamuto Sandpiper and Inaccessible Rail. 
I may exclude them completely for this reason. 

There is also no point of including species that are practically deemed to be extinct or with not recent records such as Ivory-billed Woodpecker, Cozumel Thrasher, or Bahama Nuthatch. 

I’m still looking for a publisher for the books, so if you have contacts, please let me know. I'm also interested in your feedback: do you think these books are a good idea, and would you buy them?

3:09 Marathon. My best Marathon since 1982

I turned 63 in July 2023. In spite my age, I have not given up on the dream to complete a marathon in less than 3h. One might have thought that old age should get to me and my running should suffer, but on the contrary it seems I am getting faster, at least on the marathon distance. 
 

2023 was a great running year with improvements even though I still was far away from the dream of 3h. First Boston Marathon in April with 3:17:05, which was 3 seconds faster than when I ran the same race in 2015. Then in December, just before I travelled to Sweden for two weeks, I ran California International Marathon in Sacramento in 3.13.08, beating my 2014 NYC Marathon with over one minute. 

After that race I started looking around for a relatively flat Marathon that I could run two months later on my way to Japan. Indeed, there was one perfect located at Huntington Beach called Surf City Marathon - almost pancake flat on February 4. I was running well with a half marathon time of 1:34, but I made mistakes by stopping three times to pick up dropped gels and a salt capsule, which added to lost time, but also the fact that I lost sight of the tight group of runner that I had been running with and then had to run un protected against the wind. My final time was 3:24, not under 3:10 which I had hoped for. Still a second place in the age group. 

Back to the drawing board. I needed another marathon in about 3 months time. There was a perfect one in Copenhagen on May 5, but it was full. However, there was a chance that I could get a ticket by the sell-buy platform where runners not participating because of injuries could sell their bibs. I managed to get a bib some 6 weeks before the race. There was even a good half marathon to run in Stockholm two weeks before as a dress rehearsal. 

During training, I noticed I could hold the average speed of 4:16 min/km (6:52 min/mile) for 8km during my long run, without the HR going crazy. That is the pace needed to run the Marathon in less than 3h. I decided to go for it in Copenhagen.  

The Stockholm half marathon race that I had hoped to be a good indicator of my form turned out to be quite hilly and very cold. Not the best conditions for keeping an even pacer.  
It was only around 0°C (32°F) at the start. In spite of the cold weather I ran in shorts and a long sleeve T-shirt, gloves and a cap. Still, I did my best HM time since 2014 and this while holding back some. I was going to go for it in Copenhagen. It was going to be hard but I had a chance. 

The race conditions in Copenhagen were perfect at around 12°C (54°F) and the rain stayed off during the whole race and only started after I had finished. A few moments on the second half the sun showed, and it heated up a bit, but it was a very short moment. 

I managed to keep the pace almost perfectly until half the marathon with 1:30:31 at half the distance, but a few kilometers later it became clear that my legs were getting tired and I could not hold that same speed all the way. I ended in my second best time ever in 3:09:31. My fastest marathon I ran in 1982 which also was my first marathon ever. I was 32 seconds on the wrong side of 3 hours. The next fastest was in 1984 with 3:10.
 

Consequently, I can proudly boast that I am physically about 22 again. 

There are two possible reasons why I did not manage to hold the pace for the full race. I could have had residues of the half marathon two weeks earlier still in my legs, or more likely according to my coach John Goldthorp of FixMyRun, simply not enough weekly mileage in the preparation. I have the speed, I need the endurance. I need to up it to about 100-110 km per week. With all the guiding ahead of me, it may not be possible to keep this up during the months just before the race, but until I travel to the Philippines, I sure have time to build up a base. 

Next Marathon is again California International Marathon in Sacramento in December. I'll be biologically 64 and I am aiming for a sub 3h to beat my 21 year old me.

Guran Guran

Running keeps me young, but also the cultivating the idea of producing rock music with my band Guran Guran. I found an innovative way to get my music out to Generation Z and Millenials via the TikTok app.

Believe it or not, it is my biggest audience. My TikTok account just past 7K followers and is constantly growing. I make Live-streams when I am in Sweden performing on local transport. 

The extracts from these live streams I post on TikTok. Several streams have over 150 000 views. Pretty crazy! 

You can check @Guranx2 on TikTok or the account on Instagram, which has several of the same videos, but with much fewer views. 

All is in Swedish though, so you will not understand much unless you speak any of the Scandinavian languages. There is however a song about the Swedish summer that I translated to English that we recorded a few years ago. And with this I wish you a very happy summer and hope to see you on birdwatching trip with Kolibri Expeditions or 7 Wonders Birding in a near future.

Thanks for reading to the end. I promise that the next newsletter will be shorter. Don’t hesitate to reach out to me by answering this email. I read all replies.